摘要 目的 体外培养大鼠胚胎神经干细胞（NSCs）, 观察其生长、增殖特点。 方法 取孕15d的大鼠,采用机械分离法获取海马区细胞，以10⁶个细胞/ml的密度接种到无血清NSCs培养基中培养,分离纯化至第5代。以10%胎牛血清(FBS)和2%多聚赖氨酸诱导分化,免疫细胞化学鉴定。 结果 取NSCs的细胞球及诱导分化后的细胞作免疫细胞化学染色鉴定,细胞分别呈小鼠抗巢蛋白(nestin)、小鼠抗微管蛋白（β-tubulin）、豚鼠抗胶质纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)及小鼠抗O4免疫化学反应阳性。 结论 大鼠胚胎脑海马区有NSCs存在,离体培养时能分裂增殖，并能被诱导分化。

Abstract Objective To cultivate the neural stem cells (NSCs) from the hippocampus of rats' embryos in vitro and to observe the characteristics on the growth and proliferation of NSCs. Methods The cells were isolated from the hippocampus of rats' embryos (pregnant age 15 days ) by mechanical dissociation. The obtained cell suspensions were grown in the basic culture medium by 10⁶ cells/ml and were cultured to fifth parental generation. The differentiation of the cells was induced by 10% fetal bovine serum and 2% poly-D-lysine. The characteristics of the cells were identified by immunocytochemical staining. Results After induction and differentiation, the cells were identified by immunocytochemical staining. The neurospheres were found to be mouse anti-nestin positive, while identified cells were mouse antiIII β-tubulin, guinea pig anti-glial fibrillary acidic protein and mouse anti-O4 positive respectively. Conclusion NSCs derived from the hippocampus of rats' embryos are mouse anti-nestin positive and can differentiate into neurons and astrocytes in vitro.